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There are several advantages to using differential versus single-ended signal chains; reviewed here are the most common. Differential signal chains have an advantage compared to single-ended chains with regard to the output transition. The lower signal voltage on each output means that higher overall signal voltages can be achieved. Therefore the same overall signal swing can be achieved, compared to a single-ended signal, with lower power consumption. Because of the greater available output swing: higher overall signal swings can be achieved; the same overall signal swing can be achieved but on a lower power supply; and power dissipation can be reduced. There are also benefits to system linearity. In very low distortion applications, the headroom of the power supplies can be increased by a factor of two when compared to a single-ended signal. The inherent cancellation of even-order harmonics in a differential system, means that the 2nd, 4th, 6th, etc. harmonics will be quite low compared to the odd-order harmonics. It is important to note that a perfect cancellation can not be achieved, but there is a clear advantage. The differential architecture also allows some pre-distortion techniques to help reduce odd harmonics. In addition, there is typically an approximate 6dB improvement in the output 1dB compression point (P1dB) and OIP3 for the same supply rails. Finally, because the signal's return path is no longer through ground, the signal will be less sensitive to ground noise and interference, which translates to a better common mode rejection ratio (CMRR) with an improved power supply rejection ratio (PSRR). Also, the differential approach provides improved immunity to coupled electro-magnetic interference (EMI).
