Contact bounce is the uncontrolled opening and closing of the contacts due to forces within the relay (internal forces), whereas contact chatter is the uncontrolled opening and closing of contacts due to external forces.
A transformer is a passive electrical device designed to change one AC voltage to another by magnetic induction.
From everyday applications such as refrigerators and garage doors, to signaling and protecting electrical power systems, relays are in use every second of every day.
Capacitors are attached to motors and constructed to release electrical power in different methods. The energy can either be released instantly to start the motor, or released over a period of time to keep it running.